A joint undertaking of the 24 UN agencies comprising UN-Water, and in partnership with governments and other entities concerned with freshwater issues, this volume, covering as it does all regions and most countries of the world, provides an up-to-date global overview of the state and uses of freshwater, critical water-related problems, and societies' coping mechanisms. Drawing on an extensive database, expert analysis, case studies, and hundreds of graphic elements, it is the most comprehensiv

Wydawnictwo: Berghahn Books Ltd.

This text is divided into three parts. Part I focuses on the need for management to assess the challenges of water scarcity and plan changes based on proper valuation and financial instruments, international co-operation and efficient use. Part II analyses the problems of water scarcity and the available solutions in each main sector: water supply and sanitation, energy, health, agriculture, ecosystems and biodiversity. Part III assesses the state of the debate following the third World Water Fo

Wydawnictwo: Earthscan

The results from this research affirmed the fact that inactivation of microorganisms by chemical disinfectants is influenced by disinfection, microbial, and water quality factors and the various interactions between these factors. The results showed that for all disinfectants, temperature is a key parameter that influences disinfection efficiency. The effect of turbidity was generally of less importance than pH and temperature. The safety factors (1.5 to 2.0) that are applied in the USEPA Ct tab

Wydawnictwo: IWA Publishing

The product of this research has extensive application to the drinking water and regulatory communities for assessing source waters, enriching the ability to assemble and evaluate all existing and readily available water quality-related data and information. Specifically, this project documented chemical data stored in a variety of databases and provided a mechanism to access it and the associated metadata. The online tool, Source Water Quality Database, provides information on water quality dat

Wydawnictwo: IWA Publishing

The operating environment for water utilities is changing. New information and control systems and operating procedures are required to manage water utility operations. Operations and maintenance managers must pursue improved planning and scheduling methods to reduce costs. Electric deregulation presents an opportunity and a challenge for energy cost reduction. Water quality and supply issues must be managed to maximize system performance and minimize costs. EWQMS systems enable water utilities

Wydawnictwo: IWA Publishing

Cyanide occurs in many industrial and municipal wastewaters and is often an expected constituent of typical treatment plant wastewater streams. However, a growing number of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) across the USA have detected cyanide in cholorinated effluents at levels exceeding influent concentrations. Because water quality criteria and related discharge limits are typically low some of these WWTPs periodically exceed effluent cyanide standards. Potential causes include cyanide form

Wydawnictwo: IWA Publishing

The factors affecting the presence and growth of micro-organisms in piped networks are reviewed in this book, as are the practices of water supply organisations that can directly or indirectly influence their presence and growth. The information and conclusions are intended for policy makers and those responsible for formulating "Water Safety Plans" for the supply of drinking-water. It is also relevant to engineers and scientists who are responsible for water supply planning, operations and mo

Wydawnictwo: IWA Publishing